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Punctuation

Capitalisation Rules

What to capitalise and what not to.

Explanation

Capitalise the first word of a sentence, proper nouns, the pronoun I, days and months, languages and nationalities, and titles used directly before a name. Do not capitalise common nouns, seasons, or job titles used descriptively.

Examples

We visited Vienna in March.
She speaks Portuguese and German.
Dr Ibarra will present.

Common mistakes

We visited vienna in march.
We visited Vienna in March.
City and month take capitals.
She speaks portuguese.
She speaks Portuguese.
Languages take capitals.
The President of the club met us.
The president of the club met us.
Descriptive titles stay lowercase.

More Punctuation

Comma Use in Sentences

Clauses, lists and introductory phrases.

Semicolons and Colons

Joining related clauses and introducing lists.

Apostrophes and Quotation Marks

Possession, contractions and reported wording.

Hyphens, Dashes and Parentheses

Joining words and interrupting clauses.

Run-ons, Fragments and Comma Splices

Recognising and repairing broken sentences.